Effect of Ethanolic Ocimum Tenuiflorum (Holy Basil) Extract on Diclofenac Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats Effect of Ethanolic Ocimum Tenuiflorum (Holy Basil) Extract on Diclofenac Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats – Direct Research Journal of Health and Pharmacology
Original Research Article

Effect of Ethanolic Ocimum Tenuiflorum (Holy Basil) Extract on Diclofenac Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

Miriam, N. Igwo-Ezikpe

Olayinka, F. Onifade

Olufunbi, A. Oni

Toluwalope, O. Omoniyi

Awais, Ali

Article Number: DRJHP88839693
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26765/DRJHP88839693
ISSN: 2449-0814

Vol. 10(2) Pp. 10-21, April 2023
Copyright © 2023
Author(s) retain the copyright of this article
This article is published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0.


Abstract

Ocimum tenuiflorum (OT) is widely used as a spice due to its medicinal properties such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, radio-protective, anti-stress, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-fertility activity and so on. This study assesses the phytochemical constituents of Ocimum tenuiflorum leaves and hepatoprotective effect ondiclofenac induced toxicity. Thirty rats were randomly allocated into five groups. Group 1 served as control and received normal saline, group 2; 60mg/kg diclofenac only, group 3; 200 mg/kg Ocimum tenuiflorum only, group 4; diclofenac 60 mg/kg and Ocimum tenuiflorum 200mg/kg, group 5; 60 mg/kg diclofenac and standard drug (silybon) for 21 days daily. Histological analysis of the liver treated animals was carried out using standard protocol. Phytochemical of Ocimum tenuiflorum leaves extract contained tannin (88.55%), flavonoid (79.38%) and alkaloid (46.28%), the gas chromatography showed Silanediol and methoxy-phenyl-2 amino-5-methylbenzoic acid has the highest constituent. The liver damage induced by diclofenac in group 2 rats caused significant (p< 0.05) increase in the levels of alkaline phosphatase, alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase activity compared to the treatment groups. The lipid profile revealed significant (p< 0.05) increase in cholesterol level while HDL was significant (p> 0.05) decrease in diclofenac administered group as compared to the treatment groups. There was significant (p< 0.05) decrease in the antioxidant markers of reduced gluthatione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activity in group 2 as compared t treated groups. Finally, the hepatocytes showed necrosis, fibrosis and portal venopathy in the diclofenac group. Results suggest that the Ocimum tenuiflorum leaves extract was able to mitigate the effect of diclofenac administration.

Keywords: Ocimum tenuiflorum, Diclofenac, Gas chromatography, Liver function marker, lipid profile and Antioxidant
 Received: January 2, 2023  Accepted: February 27, 2023  Published: April 11, 2023



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