Studies on Phytochemical Screening and Enzyme Activities of Composted and Uncomposted Pleurotus pulmonarius at various Fruit bodies and Substrate Stages

Abstract

The intracellular enzyme activities and some secondary plant metabolites of Pluerotus pulmonarius (fries) singer were determined at different stages of sporophore development using different substrates containing sawdust (86%) + rice bran (10%) + cassava peel (4%). Enzyme activities increased from very young to mature fruit body of composted (cellulase, mg Glucose/min/g protein 17.39, 26.20 and 48.65, Total (α and β), amylase mg maltose/min/g protein 18.27, 18.58 and 95.36, α- Amylase, mg maltose/min/g protein 11.99, 18.88 and 69.80, Proteinase, mg maltose/min/g protein 6.00, 6.82 and 9.16 and Lipase,ml0.02/NaOH/min/g protein 0.72, 1.18 and 5.36) substrate  and uncomposted (cellulase, mg Glucose/min/g protein 19.97,25.38 and 36.37, Total (α and β), mg Glucose/min/g protein 33.86, 37.01 and 64.37, α-Amylase, mg Glucose/min/g protein mg Glucose/min/g protein 20.05, 31.32 and 61.37, Proteinase, mg Glucose/min/g protein 3.47, 4.23 and 5.23 and Lipase, ,ml0.02/NaOH/min/g protein 0.88, 1.27 and 1.36) substrate respectively with the preponderance  of total amylase activities of both composted and uncomposted substrate. Saponins and anthraquinones were absent all various fruit bodies of both composted and uncomposted substrates, equal concentration of alkaloids were detected in both composted and uncomposted Plerotus pulmonarius substrate. The presence of intracellular enzymes helps to convert insoluble substrate to soluble component that could be utilized nutritionally by the growing sporophore. Phytochemical detected indicated that Pleurotus pulmonarius can be used or serves as a novelty medicine.