Characterization of fungi and fertility status of selected Fadama soils in Jega local government area of Kebbi State, Nigeria

Abstract

This research paper is centered on the evaluation of the presence of fungi and the determination of fertility status of selected Fadama soils in the Jega local government area of Kebbi State, North-west Nigeria. To facilitate the research, soil samples were collected using soil auger from Fadama lands of three (3) selected villages in the local government area under consideration. The soil sample collection was scientifically inclined such that three (3) samples were obtained from each Fadama land, immediately stored in labeled polyethylene bags, and transported to the University laboratory for analysis. The cone and quarter method were utilized in the formation of three (3) composite samples from the total of nine (9) samples collected from the field. Soil chemical analysis as well as fungi isolation and identification was done using already established standard methods. Results obtained showed that four (4) fungi; Rhizopus spp., Trichoderma spp., Fusarium oxysporum, and Aspergillus flavus were isolated. Trichoderma spp., was observed to have the highest fungi population of 35%, followed by Fusarium oxysporum (27%), Aspergillus flavus (23%), and Rhizopus spp. (15%). Also, the chemical analysis revealed that the soils were strongly-moderately acidic, while organic carbon, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na and CEC were observed below from all three (3) Fadama soil samples. By implications, this result translates that the Fadama soils are low in fertility and will need to be augmented with either organic or selected mineral fertilizer for it to efficiently support plant growth.