Analgesic effects of tramadol, paracetamol and tramadol/paracetamol combination for management of post-surgical pain in goats undergoing femoral fracture reduction fixation Analgesic effects of tramadol, paracetamol and tramadol/paracetamol combination for management of post-surgical pain in goats undergoing femoral fracture reduction fixation – Direct Research Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science
Original Research Article

Analgesic effects of tramadol, paracetamol and tramadol/paracetamol combination for management of post-surgical pain in goats undergoing femoral fracture reduction fixation

*Buhari Salisu

Abdulmajeed Ummulkhairi

Sani Ismail Muhammed

Salisu Umar

Mshelia Peter Charles

Yahaya Hassan

Article Number: DRJVMS981257312
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26765/DRJVMS981257312
ISSN: 2734-2166

Vol. 5 (2), pp. 14-20, March 2020

Copyright © 2020

Author(s) retain the copyright of this article


Abstract

This study compared analgesic efficacy of paracetamol and tramadol alone and their combination in goats for surgical pain control. Twelve goats presented for femoral fracture management were randomly grouped into three (n=4) for the study. The first group received tramadol (3mg/kg), the second group had paracetamol (15mg/kg) and the third group had combination of tramadol (1.5mg/kg)/paracetamol (7.5mg/kg) intramuscularly by a Veterinarian blinded to the treatment before induction of anaesthesia. Analgesia was evaluated by assessing vital parameters, neutrophil level and mechanical pain threshold using analgesiometer before drug administration (0hr), and at every hour for nine hours post-surgery. The combination of 7.5mg/kg paracetamol and 1.5mg/kg tramadol regimen was superior to 3mg/kg tramadol or 15mg/kg paracetamol alone in reducing the intensity of pain during the 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th and 7th hours of treatment as indicated by the mechanical pain threshold value. Collectively, the cardiopulmonary and thermoregulatory effects of tramadol, paracetamol, and their combination were similar (p<0.05). Therefore, 7.5mg/kg paracetamol and 1.5mg/kg tramadol combination regimen could be used for effective postoperative pain management in goats.

Keywords: Analgesia, tramadol, paracetamol, goats, femur, fracture
 Received: March 7, 2020  Accepted: March 20, 2020  Published: March 30, 2020



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