Abstract

Leishmaniasis refers to a diverse spectrum of clinical syndromes caused by infection with protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania. They are widely distributed across the tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions in 88 countries, 72 of which are in developing areas of the world. The diagnosis and treatment of the different syndromes produced by these parasites are particularly difficult in developed and non-endemic countries because of poor knowledge of clinical symptoms, diagnostic possibilities, and available treatment options. This article highlights the biology, life cycle, diagnostic, chemotherapeutic, and strategies to control Leishmaniasis.